Toxicity Associated with PAHs in Navy Skeet Range Clay Targets
Abstract
DoD liability for PAH-impacted soils at skeet ranges is in excess of $100M over more than 40 sites. Current PAH cleanup goals often assume that 100% of PAHs in soil are bioavailable for uptake, resulting in > $1M per site and overly-protective cleanup approaches. Recent research indicates lower bioavailability of skeet-derived PAHs (Relative Bioavailability (RBA) of 10-80%), that, when applied on a site-specific basis, would reduce costs cleanups by $100K-$1M per site (Lowney et al., 2017; Ruby et al., 2016; Xia et al., 2016; Magee et al.,2014). In vivo studies in which rodents are fed contaminated soils, are used to quantify site-specific RBA. However, these studies are not cost and time effective for all sites ($>200300K/site; personal communications Schoolfield, 2017, Meyer, 2019). To that end, the overarching objective of this study was to develop, optimize and demonstrate simple and rapid in vitro approaches using benchtop animal-free methods that can be used to provide site-specific RBA estimates. Results of this study shows potential for these methods as low cost, robust, and rapid methods to evaluate RBA of PAHs in skeet-impacted soil across sites with different soil types. To reach the overarching objective of this work, the four main sub-objectives (tasks) were as follows: (1) to provide an improved ability to discern clay target particles from soil particles; (2) to better inform PAH fate and transport processes of skeet impacted soils; (3) to demonstrate and calculate more realistic, site specific RBAs for PAHs instead of default RBAs; and (4) to provide defensible technical information that RPMs can use to negotiate lower risk-based clean-up levels.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 2021
- Accession Number
- AD1145925
Entities
People
- Anna Obratzsova
- Jason Conder
- Kara Sorensen
- Robert George
Organizations
- Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific
- University of California, San Diego