A Unified, Universal Model for Electron Emission and Breakdown

Abstract

This effort has focused on assessing the impact of submicroscale phenomena on gas breakdown and electron emission, specifically the transition between mechanisms in the presence of collisions, which are important for microplasma devices as the effective gap decreases below one micron where space charge may dominate over field emission and for vacuum electronics devices where leakage may result in collisions. Year 1 focused on incorporating collisions into analytic equations describing the transition from the Fowler-Nordheim (FN) equation to the Child-Langmuir (CL) law for vacuum space-charge limited emission (SCLE) at high mobility mu, and the Mott-Gurney (MG) law for collisional SCLE at low mu. We also observed a nexus where the asymptotic solutions of all three electron emission regimes converge with a unique value of V, mu or gap distance D. We next extended this to include resistance to account for the series resistors used to mitigate the rapid increase in current density that reduces device stability, demonstrating the transition to Ohms law for high resistance. In Year 2, we extended the emission theory from Year 1 by incorporating (1) thermionic emission and (2) quantum effects in SCLE by Schrodingers equation, (3) applying the theory to liquids, and (4) beginning our analysis of SCLE for non-planar geometries using variational calculus. Byusing the generalized thermo-field (GTF) model for electron emission, we demonstrated the transitions between Richard-Lau-Dushman (RLD), FN, CL, MG, and OL asymptotically and published this work in Physical Review Research during Year 3. We also incorporated quantum effects into our nexus theory, which is currently under review. To assess the broad applicability of this theory, we have also applied the general emission theory to liquids, which also undergo field emission and MG. This work was published in the Journal of Applied Physics during Year 3.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 07, 2021
Accession Number
AD1146023

Entities

People

  • Allen L Garner

Organizations

  • Purdue University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Air Platforms
  • Biomedical
  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Barometric Pressure
  • Computational Science
  • Current Density
  • Electric Fields
  • Electromagnetic Fields
  • Electron Emission
  • Electronics
  • Electrons
  • Emission
  • Emitters
  • Equations
  • Field Emission
  • Geometry
  • Resistance
  • Two Dimensional
  • Vacuum Electronics
  • Work Functions

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Calculus or Mathematical Analysis
  • Pulsed Power and Plasma Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics
  • Quantum Computing
  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster