Sea Shepherd: The Evolution of an Eco-Vigilante to Legitimized Maritime Capacity Builder

Abstract

This case study focuses on the evolution and development of a non-state group Sea Shepherd in the maritime domain. While some might argue that this organization is too small to warrant the attention of the U.S. Navy, others, including the author, argue that its cross-jurisdictional activities and international reach provide important insight into how other groups, or even states, with small maritime capabilities, might challenge international maritime norms. The author, Professor Claude Berube is an accomplished maritime historian and Commander in the U.S. Navy Reserve. He uses these two lenses to examine Sea Shepherds evolution: from its early, personality-driven phase to a private multi-ship organization that confronts illegal fishing operations across thousands of miles of open sea. The author asks how the Sea Shepherd was able transition from a legally deemed pirate organization to a respected nonprofit organization working in concert with countries globally. To provide an answer, Berube delves deeply into the organizations evolution, command and control structures, strategic communication strategies, logistics, fundraising, and its global intersection with small navies and coast guards. The case study does not shy away from the controversial aspects of Sea Shepherds historical development, but also asks important questions about the organizations future: What are the barriers to it gaining more international legitimacy (recruitment and funding)? Why would other small navies and coast guards work with this group, or future organizations that choose to mimic its techniques and practices, going forward? In the 21stcentury, and in coming decades, what other maritime non-state groups from armed groups to private contractors may challenge the dominion of states who seek to protect and control the vast maritime commons that are the worlds oceans? How exactly should the navies of the free world interact with such groups?

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2021
Accession Number
AD1146358

Entities

People

  • Claude Berube

Organizations

  • Naval War College

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Asymmetric Warfare
  • Boats
  • Case Studies
  • Cells
  • Coast Guard
  • Commerce
  • Fish
  • Health Services
  • International Law
  • International Relations
  • Maritime Security
  • National Security
  • Naval Warfare
  • Navy
  • United States
  • War Colleges
  • Wildlife

Readers

  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering.
  • Political Violence and Terrorism Studies.

Technology Areas

  • Fully Networked C3
  • Fully Networked C3 - Command and Control