Gene Therapy Strategies for Hearing Restoration

Abstract

One of the most common causes of permanent hearing loss including hearing loss incurred in combat - is the loss of hair cells in the cochlea that are responsible for detecting sound. One of the first genes to be switched on in newly-formed hair cells is the transcription factor Atoh1. Genetic experiments in mice have shown that Atoh1 is absolutely necessary for hair cells to develop, and that ectopic expression of Atoh1 in young mice can cause other cochlear cell types to differentiate into hair cells. However, in the past 5 years, several groups have shown that the efficiency of regeneration evoked byAtoh1 declines rapidly with age. However, recently published data suggests that two other transcription factors expressed in hair cells - Gfi1 and Pou4f3 - can cooperate with Atoh1 and improve its ability to activate hair cell genes in cell lines. We hypothesize that combination gene therapy with three transcription factors: Atoh1, Pou4f3 and Gfi1 will be significantly better at reprogramming supporting cells into hair cells than Atoh1 alone. The aims of the project seek to answer the following questions: 1: Can Atoh1, Pou4f3 and Gfi1 reprogram supporting cells into hair cells in the acutely and chronically deafened cochlea? 2: Can infusion of cell-penetrating versions of Atoh1, Pou4f3 and Gfi1 reprogram supporting cells into hair cells in the acutely and chronically deafened cochlea? In the current reporting period, we have generated and bred cohorts of genetically modified mice to address the first aim. We have shown that activation of Atoh1, Pou4f3 and Gfi1 in acutely deafened mice can indeed generate significant numbers of new hair cells - on average 870 new hair cells per cochlea compared to zero new hair cells in untreated controls.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 2021
Accession Number
AD1149445

Entities

People

  • Andrew K. Groves

Organizations

  • Baylor College of Medicine

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • Animals
  • Biomedical Research
  • Cell Line
  • Cells
  • Cultured Cells
  • Ear
  • Electron Microscopy
  • Electronic Mail
  • Gene Therapy
  • Genes
  • Hearing Loss
  • Laboratory Animals
  • Medical Personnel
  • Organ Of Corti
  • Peptides
  • Proteins
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy
  • Transcription Factors
  • Universities

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Molecular Biology and Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Toxicology/Environmental Toxicology

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology