The Barriers Latin American Countries Face With Female Integration Into Combat Roles: A Comparative Study
Abstract
Globally, only 23 countries recognize women as indispensable support in combat positions. American and Norwegian women are effectively utilized in Female Engagement Teams, and Israeli women are known to enhance combat effectiveness in infantry units. Nevertheless, gender gaps in equality still remain, particularly in Latin American militaries. In this thesis, Norway, Israel, and the United States illustrate the differing approaches and successes of female integration into combat positions. It seeks to identify what measures could be applied to Latin American militaries desiring added diversity. Evidence indicates that distinct cultural norms have either effectively assisted or impeded the advancement of women's employment into combat specialties. In Norway and Israel, the inclusion of women in the armed forces was dependent on affirmative legislative action toward gender equality. The United States demonstrated a lack of leadership support that hindered women's integration. In all cases, cultural norms featuring hegemonic masculinities impeded female participation in primary combat positions. Women in Latin America--a region with a similar cultural misogyny--will likely face the same types of obstacles to service in combat roles. By emulating Norway's framework, Latin American states would have the ability to force cultural change that potentially closes gender gaps and empowers the regions governments to improve the conditions of women wishing to serve in combat specialties.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 2021
- Accession Number
- AD1150443
Entities
People
- Molly G. Carrigan
Organizations
- Naval Postgraduate School