Biochemical Consequences of Cdkal1 Mutations That Result in Unprocessed, Nonfunctional Insulin and Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
Human Genome Wide Association Studies found a significant risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in single nucleotide polymorphisms in the cdkal1 gene. The cdkal1 gene is remote from the insulin gene and with the surprising function of a specific tRNA modification. Population studies and case control studies acquired evidence of the connection between Cdkal1 protein and insulin production over the years. To obtain biochemical proofs directly linking potential SNPs to their roles in insulin production and availability is challenging, but the development of Cdkal1 knock out mice and knock out cell lines made it possible to extend our knowledge towards therapeutic field of diabetic research. We produced and characterized a knock down of the cdkal1 gene using small interfering and short hairpin RNA in the NIT-1 cell line, a -cell line inducible for insulin. The knock down resulted in reduced levels of cdkal1 and mature insulin mRNAs, increased the level of precursor insulin mRNA, decreased Cdkal1 and insulin proteins, and diminished modification of tRNALys3 from t6A37 to ms2t6A37, the specified function of Cdkal1. We further determined that tRNALys3 lacking ms2- is incapable of establishing hydrophobic stabilization to decode the wobble codon AAG.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jun 01, 2021
- Accession Number
- AD1151336
Entities
People
- Paul F Agris
Organizations
- Duke University School of Medicine