Operational Analysis for Coronavirus Testing

Abstract

Testing will remain a key tool for those managing health care and making health policy for the current coronavirus pandemic, and testing will probably be an important tool in future pandemics. Because of test errors, the observed fraction of positive tests, the surface positivity, is generally different from the underlying incidence rate of the disease. We model, using both analytical and simulation tools, the process of testing to address (1) how to go from positivity to a point estimate incidence rate; (2) how to compute a reasonable range of possible incidence rates, given the models and data; (3) how to compare different levels of positivity in light of test errors, particularly false negatives; and (4) how to compute the risk (defined as including one infected individual) of groups of different sizes, given the estimate of incidence rate. Our approach is based on modeling the process generating test data in which the true state of the world (incidence rate, probability of a false negative test, and probability of a false positive test) is known. This allows us to compare analytical predictions with a known situation, thus providing confidence when the tools are used when the true state of the world is not known.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 01, 2021
Accession Number
AD1152298

Entities

People

  • Alan C. Brown
  • Marc Mangel

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Cyber
  • Engineered Resilient Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Applied Mathematics
  • Coronavirus Infections
  • Covid-19
  • Health
  • Health Care
  • Health Services
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine
  • Microbiology
  • New York
  • Physics Laboratories
  • Probability
  • Probability Distributions
  • Random Variables
  • Sars
  • Simulations
  • Systems Engineering

Readers

  • Statistical inference.
  • Strategic Security Studies
  • Trauma or Military Medicine