Biomarkers and Treatment of Hypobaria-Exacerbated Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Abstract

Our studies have examined the molecular and cellular pathways activated following traumatic brain injury plus hypobaria exposure and their contribution to neuroinflammation leading to neuronal loss and neurological deficits. We focused on key changes in extracellular vesicles, transcriptional activation of microRNA pathways and induction of pro-inflammatory genes. We also studied the effects of cell cycle inhibition using cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors on neuroinflammation, neuronal loss and neurological deficits after experimental traumatic brain injury+hypobaria. Our data suggest that central and systemic (plasma) levels of key pro-inflammatory microRNAs are upregulated afterTBI+hypobaria. Microparticles are also elevated in plasma after injury. Our results also suggest that TBI+hypobaria increases key pro-inflammatory genes in the cortex and hippocampus. In order to greatly increase our ability to quantitatively detect the microRNAs that play key roles in neuroinflammation responses we used the Nanostring approach, a state-of-the-art RNA analysis method. Our data have identified many microRNAs whose expression levels are modulated following TBI+hypobaria, both in the brain and plasma. These novel microRNAs should be the focus of future studies. Our studies have also shown that administration of pharmacological inhibitors of CDKs attenuate neuroinflammation, neuronal loss and cognitive deficits after TBI+hypobaria suggesting that such drugs may serve to protect TBI patientsrequiring aeromedical evacuation

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 04, 2020
Accession Number
AD1163242

Entities

People

  • Alan I. Faden

Organizations

  • University of Maryland, Baltimore

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • Aeromedical Evacuation
  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Biological Markers
  • Blood
  • Brain
  • Brain Injuries
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Central Nervous System
  • Department Of Defense
  • Evacuation
  • Government Procurement
  • Governments
  • Hippocampus
  • Inhibition
  • Inhibitors
  • Microparticles
  • Motor Skills
  • Nervous System
  • Neuroglia

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Immunology and Pathology
  • Molecular Biology and Genetics
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Cognitive Aging in the Guam and Border Populations Affected by Alzheimer's Disease and Tau-Associated Dementias.