Evolution of the Meaning of Waters of the United States in the Clean Water Act

Abstract

For more than forty-five years, all three branches of government have struggled with how to interpret the meaning of waters of the United States in the Clean Water Act. In a shift from early water pollution legislation, the 1972 amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, which came to be known as the Clean Water Act, eliminated the requirement that federally regulated waters must be capable of being used by vessels in interstate commerce. Rather than use traditional navigability tests, the 1972 amendments redefined navigable waters for purposes of the Clean Water Acts jurisdiction to include the waters of the United States, including the territorial seas. Disputes over the proper meaning of that phrase have been ongoing since that change.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 05, 2019
Accession Number
AD1171852

Entities

People

  • Stephen P. Mulligan

Organizations

  • Library of Congress

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Congress
  • Department Of Defense
  • District Of Columbia
  • Employment
  • Environment
  • Environmental Protection
  • Federal Law
  • Geographic Regions
  • Geography
  • Groundwater
  • Law
  • Natural Resources
  • North Dakota
  • Personnel Management
  • Supreme Court
  • United States
  • United States District Courts
  • United States Government
  • Water Pollution
  • Water Resources
  • West Virginia

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Economics
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Government and Public Administration Law.