Effects of a Nitrogen and Hydrogen Build Atmosphere on the Properties of Additively Manufactured Tungsten

Abstract

Additively manufactured tungsten was printed in pure nitrogen, nitrogen-2.5% hydrogen, and nitrogen-5% hydrogen atmospheres as part of a 2^3 full factorial designed experiment and subjected to room temperature and high-temperature three-point-bend testing, chemical analysis, hardness testing, and microstructural imaging techniques. The pure nitrogen specimens exhibited the highest strength and ductility at both high temperature and room temperature. Chemical analysis showed a 2-8x reduction in compositional oxygen relative to unprocessed powder. Hardness values for all samples was between 306.8 and 361.5 HV1. It is proposed that adding hydrogen into the build atmosphere reduced the available energy density for tungsten melting by introducing another competing reaction to that of nitrogen and oxygen, resulting in large cracks and pores in the material. These interruptions in the microstructure resulted in weaker, more brittle metal than that built in a pure nitrogen environment, but the results from the nitrogen environment were comparable in strength range to hot-rolled tungsten.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 24, 2022
Accession Number
AD1175625

Entities

People

  • Dana C. Madsen

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Air Force
  • Chemical Analysis
  • Chemical Compounds
  • Chemistry
  • Composite Materials
  • Crystal Structure
  • Experimental Design
  • Heat Energy
  • High Temperature
  • Integrated Computational Materials Engineering
  • Laser Additive Manufacturing
  • Lasers
  • Manufacturing
  • Materials
  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Working
  • Mechanics
  • Refractory Metals
  • Selective Laser Melting
  • Selective Laser Sintering
  • Tungsten

Fields of Study

  • Materials science

Readers

  • Materials Science (Mechanical Engineering).
  • Metallurgy
  • Plasma Physics.