Federal Rulemaking: Agencies Could Take Additional Steps to Respond to Public Comments
Abstract
Agencies publish thousands of rules each year, with significant benefits and costs. Before issuing a final rule, agencies are generally required to publish an NPRM in the Federal Register. Agencies must then respond to public comments when issuing final rules. Agencies may use exceptions in certain circumstances to forgo this NPRM process to expedite rule making. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has authority to provide guidance on regulatory issues. GAO was asked to provide information on the rulemaking process. This report addresses (1) how often agencies issued final rules without an NPRM; (2) which exceptions agencies used to do this; and (3) whether agencies took certain actions when issuing major rules without an NPRM, including voluntarily requesting and responding to public comments. GAO reviewed a generalizable random sample of 1,338 final rules published during calendar years 2003 through 2010. The sample contained rules by 52 agencies, including all cabinet departments issuing regulations. GAO completed more detailed analyses of 123 major rules without an NPRM, including every such rule published from 2007 through 2010, to obtain additional information to answer the objectives.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 01, 2012
- Accession Number
- AD1181295
Entities
People
- Andrea Levine
- Clifton G. Jr Douglas
- Denise Fantone
- Donna Miller
- Janet Dolen
- Lois Hanshaw
- Melissa Emrey-arras
- Rob Gebhart
- Robert J Cramer
- Sara Daleski
- Shirley Jones
- Tim Bober
- Tim Guinane
- Tom Beall
Organizations
- United States Government Accountability Office