Warriors and War Algorithms: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to Enable Ethical Targeting

Abstract

This paper examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is likely to enable the US military to execute its warfighting missions in a more ethical way, and thereby better abide by the moral intent of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). It also highlights how human-machine teaming may create risks. It accomplishes this task by examining two key principles of military targeting: distinction and proportionality. AI can greatly assist warfighters in practicing discrimination by enhancing their ability to positively identify their targets. Additionally, the ability of emerging algorithms to ingest and characterize large data sources provides analysts with unprecedented levels of battlespace awareness, which allows them to better discriminate between adversary targets and non-combatants. With regard to proportionality, AI provides an opportunity to more effectively model weapons effects and estimate collateral damage. These models will allow targeting analysts to foresee and avoid previously unknown second-order effects to non-combatants. Fundamentally, partnering a human analyst with an AI that can more quickly identify potential targets and accurately foresee the probable results of a strike is the most ethically preferable course of action at this time. Therefore, it is AIs ability to provide greater foreseeability that enables military professionals to optimally adhere to the principles of distinction and proportionality.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 27, 2020
Accession Number
AD1181382

Entities

People

  • John G. Thorne

Organizations

  • Naval War College

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Autonomy
  • Biomedical
  • C4I
  • Cyber
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Autonomous Weapons
  • Computer Vision
  • Cyber Warfare
  • Drone Targeting
  • International Law
  • International Relations
  • Military Applications
  • Military Organizations
  • National Security
  • Online Communications
  • Remotely Piloted Vehicles
  • Social Media
  • Surveillance
  • Test And Evaluation
  • Unmanned Vehicles
  • Warfare
  • Weapons Effects

Readers

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Irregular Warfare and Special Operations Cyberspace Operations against Adversarial Threats.
  • Strategic Security Studies

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML
  • AI & ML - DoD AI Strategy