Low, Slow, Small Threats Modelling and Simulation

Abstract

Modelling and Simulation encounters some unique challenges and opportunities from the physical and dynamic points of view, when it comes to considering small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS), commonly known as drones, within the context of threat vectors. The parametric definition of a drone comprises the following categories: Typology, referred to the mode that the drone can fly; Material used to manufacture the drone; Flying performance; Kind of propeller; Reference to NATO Classification; Navigation system; Remote controller characteristics (if any); Payload, considering both own sensors and possible hazards; and Communication Systems. An analytical model describing the flight dynamics of a drone should be mathematically sound, since mission capabilities strongly depend on vehicle configuration and behaviour. Considering that the motion dynamics of a rigid body in space requires a reference frame fixed to the body itself for a suitable a mechanical description, and making some assumptions (e.g., rigid body model, stationary atmosphere and no perturbations, symmetrical airframe, and forces acting in the centre of gravity), the Newton-Euler equations can be developed for flight dynamics of an sUAV. When it comes to detecting sUAS, several phenomena have to be considered, such as reflectance on and outside the visible wave range, radio frequency, acoustics, and the related technologies, such as passive and active imaging and detection. Since it has been asserted that multiple sensors are required to have the capability, and the probability of detecting sUAS, it is necessary to consider the identified parameters in order to model the signature against different type of detectors. In addition, the dependence of multiple sensors would also require advancements in information fusion and ensemble learning to ensure that actionable intelligence will be derived from complete situational awareness.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 01, 2021
Accession Number
AD1183697

Entities

People

  • Paolo Proietti

Organizations

  • NATO Science and Technology Organization

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aircraft Industry
  • Aircrafts
  • Airframes
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Composite Materials
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Defense Industry
  • Detectors
  • Electronic Mail
  • Global Positioning Systems
  • Inertial Navigation Systems
  • Mathematical Models
  • National Security
  • Thermoplastic Resins
  • Tilt Rotor Aircraft
  • Unmanned Aerial Systems
  • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Readers

  • Aerial Unmanned Vehicle Swarm Micro Periodontal Dentistry.
  • Sensor Fusion and Tracking Systems.
  • Theoretical Analysis.

Technology Areas

  • Autonomy
  • Space
  • Space - Space Objects