Thermal Effects of the Active Denial System
Abstract
The Active Denial System (ADS) is a directed-energy, long-range, non-lethal weapon which sends a focused invisible beam of electromagnetic millimeter waves to the targets. Once the high-powered beam hits the target, the electromagnetic energy is absorbed in the skin and rapidly increases the skin temperature. High temperature activates the heat-sensitive nociceptors. When the stimulus is sufficiently strong, the withdrawal reflex is triggered and the subject pulls away from the beam. In this paper we study mathematically the heat-induced withdrawal reflex resulted from an exposure to millimeter waves. We developed a concise model to derive theoretical behaviors such as the time of reflex, biological latency of reflex, and the energy consumption by the time of reflex.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 2020
- Accession Number
- AD1183860
Entities
People
- Hong Zhou
- Hongyun Wang
- Wesley A. Burgei
Organizations
- Naval Postgraduate School
- University of California