Defining and Targeting Novel Epigenetic Vulnerabilities in Heterogeneous Drug-Resistant Melanomas

Abstract

In this study, we perform a targeted kinase inhibitor screen and identify a tool compound, named MTX-216, to be highly effective in blocking NF1-LoF melanoma cells. Single-cell analysis links drug-induced cytotoxicity to effective co-suppression of proliferation markerKi-67 and the ribosomal S6 phosphorylation. We find the anti-tumor efficacy of MTX-216 to be dependent on its ability to inhibit not only PI3K but also SYK and suppression of a group of genes that regulate mitochondrial electron transport chain. Furthermore, combinations of inhibitors targeting either MEK or PI3K/mTOR with an independent SYK kinase inhibitor or SYK knockdown show favorable effects. These studies provide a path to exploit SYK dependency to selectively block NF1-LoF melanoma cells. In parallel, through systematic experimental measurements, single-cell analysis, and long-duration live-cell microscopy experiments, we have identified potentially novel effective drugs or drug combinations that overcome cell-to cell variability responsible for incomplete efficacy of currently available MAPK inhibitor treatments across genetically diverse BRAF-mutant melanoma contexts.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 2023
Accession Number
AD1205944

Entities

People

  • Mohammad Fallahi-Sichani

Organizations

  • University of Virginia

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Chemistry
  • Colon Cancer
  • Computational Biology
  • Computational Science
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Genetics
  • Health Services
  • Information Science
  • Machine Learning
  • Medical Personnel
  • Metabolism
  • Oncology
  • Proteins
  • Proteomics

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Molecular and Cellular Biology
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Oncology (Cancer Research).

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Cancer Biotech
  • Microelectronics