Mission Command in Ancient Rome, 218 B.C.-A.D. 100

Abstract

Over the last two decades, the concept of "mission command" has pervaded U.S. Army doctrine and dominated much of its intellectual discourse. This thesis seeks to contribute to this discussion by examining antecedents of mission command found in the armies of Ancient Rome (218 B.C. to A.D. 100). By drawing on extant literary evidence, the author argues that Rome's highly offensive and initiative-oriented way of war influenced its development of a command structure that prioritized battlefield dispersion, subordinate autonomy, information sharing, inherently flexible mission orders, and decentralized operations. The effort Roman leaders took to codify and institutionalize these processes moreover reveals their reliance on concepts resembling the modern principles of mission command. This thesis draws three additional conclusions: (1) nineteenth century Prussia was not the first state to develop a command system akin to mission command, (2) mission command is a timeless approach to wartime leadership, and (3) the U.S. Army should continue to employ mission command as its primary approach to command and control.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 10, 2022
Accession Number
AD1210844

Entities

People

  • Michael J. Rasak

Organizations

  • United States Army Command and General Staff College

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • C4I
  • Cyber
  • Human Systems
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Civil War
  • Command And Control
  • Command And Control Systems
  • Doctrine
  • Employment
  • Geography
  • Governments
  • Human Behavior
  • Insurgency
  • Intelligence Collection
  • Law
  • Leadership
  • Military History
  • Military Organizations
  • Military Science
  • New York
  • Personality
  • Psychology
  • Reconnaissance
  • Students
  • United States
  • Warfare

Readers

  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Military Training and Readiness Simulation
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Fully Networked C3
  • Fully Networked C3 - Command and Control