Do the Dutch Know Much? A Comparative Analysis of Gender and Use of Force in Law Enforcement in the Netherlands and the United States
Abstract
This comparative research examines how the law enforcement communities in the U.S. and the Netherlands (NL) strive toward gender equity and how gender equity influences the use of force in policing. The thesis further examines how the number of women officers in each country has changed over time and studies whether there is a relationship between the increasing proportion of women officers and trends in police use of force. Through a review of scholarly sources, government data, and historical accounts, the study finds women remain underrepresented in policing in the U.S., at 13% of officers. However, evidence shows that gender-balanced forces improve community relations, minimize excessive force, and build trust. In the NL, proactive recruiting and extensive training help achieve more than 30% women officers, contributing to dramatically lower rates of police violence compared to the U.S. However, incidents of police using excessive force still occur in the NL, indicating recruiting more women alone is likely insufficient. The research suggests adapting elements of the Dutch model, such as de-escalation training, education incentives, and coordinated standards, could incrementally improve diversity, accountability, and safety in the U.S. Yet, holistic culture change is required to truly transform policing. The study concludes progress will demand nuance, collaboration, and patience, but offers insights into policies that could gradually professionalize U.S. law enforcement.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 01, 2023
- Accession Number
- AD1224538
Entities
People
- Michelle J. Caron
Organizations
- Naval Postgraduate School