Malignant Changes in Bladder Cancer Associated with Defoliant Exposure
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common solid tumor in the VA Health System. The Institute of Medicine acknowledged that defoliants such as Agent Orange and Agent Blue used in Vietnam Era conflicts can potentially increase risk of bladder cancer. The active agents in these compounds (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in Agent Orange and arsenicals/arsenic in Agent Blue) and are known to induce changes in gene expression pathways that can transform cells. We hypothesize that AO/AB exposure causes unique alterations in gene expression and methylation in the urothelium which contribute to malignant degeneration. The objective of this study is to define alterations that occur in the urothelium with exposure to AO/AB in both laboratory models and in Vietnam Era Veterans.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 2024
- Accession Number
- AD1229677
Entities
People
- Benjamin L. Woolbright
- John A. Iii Taylor
Organizations
- University of Kansas Medical Center