Evaluation of a JP-5 Type Fuel Derived from Oil Shale
Abstract
A kerosene fuel derived from oil shale was evaluated for suitability as a substitute for petroleum derived JP-5. Engine performance and gaseous emissions were evaluated using a T63-A-5A engine. Specification analyses were performed to determine conformance with the MIL-T-5624J specification for JP-5 grade fuel. Engine performance of the oil shale derived fuel was equivalent to that of a typical petroleum derived JP-5. While carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (THC) emissions of the oil shale fuel were equivalent to those of petroleum fuels, the nitrogen oxides were higher for the oil shale fuel. A high concentration of fuel bound nitrogen was implicated as the cause for the high nitrogen oxide emissions. The oil shale derived fuel was found not to conform to specifications for contamination, existent gums, thermal stability, freeze point and viscosity at -34.5 C (-30 F). A program of post- refinery upgrading studies was initiated in order to improve these deviant properties. This program included filtration, distillation, clay and acid treatment and urea extraction. It was found that no one single post-refinery treatment could improve all deviant properties. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 01, 1976
- Accession Number
- ADA025417
Entities
People
- C. J. Nowack
- J. Solash
- R. J. Delfosse