Use of Shear Waves in Seismic Refraction Surveying

Abstract

The nearly universal practice in surface seismic refraction surveying for engineering purposes is to use only data obtained from compression waves, or P-waves, which are always the first arrivals and are thus the most easily detected and identified. Most seismic refraction surveys used in geotechnical practice are concerned with identifying depths to various layer boundaries or to the bedrock surface. P-wave velocities are normally obtained in the course of such surveys, but are usually of only secondary interest in seismic analyses. Shear wave, or S-wave, velocities, on the other hand, are of primary interest in engineering practice when they are needed for use as input to seismic analyses of structures. The S-wave velocity of the surface layer is frequently measured with a field survey using a layout similar to that of a refraction survey. However, refracted S-wave signals are not normally used. In principle, S-wave returns obtained by refraction through subsurface strata should be useful for measuring the S-wave velocities of these strata. In practice, however, results are often disappointing. In this report, the current state of the art in generating and discriminating refracted S-waves at the ground surface is described, and some theoretical and practical considerations in the propagation and discrimination of refracted S-waves are discussed. The studies show that it is feasible to use refracted S-waves for the investigation of subsurface strata, at least to limited depths and under favorable conditions.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 1979
Accession Number
ADA073372

Entities

People

  • Arley G. Franklin

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Angle Of Incidence
  • Boundaries
  • Compression Waves
  • Detectors
  • Earth Models
  • Earthquake Engineering
  • Energy
  • Engineering
  • Explosives
  • Materials
  • Measurement
  • Rayleigh Waves
  • Secondary Waves
  • Travel Time
  • Wave Power
  • Wave Propagation
  • Waves

Readers

  • Geotechnical Engineering.
  • Seismology
  • Systems Analysis and Design