Some New Developments in Chemistry of Metallophthalocyanines.
Abstract
Like many of the great moments in science, the chemistry of phthalocyanine and metallophthalocyanines began by an accidental discovery. In 1907, Braun and Tcherniac heated an alcoholic solution of o-cyanobenzamide in order to study some of its properties. After cooling, small amounts of a blue compound precipitated. The precipitate turned out to be phthalocyanine. This was the first time phthalocyanine was synthesized. In 1927, de Diesbach and von der Weid attempted to prepare o-xylenedicyanide from a mixture of o-dibromobenzene and cuprous cyanide by heating in pyridine at 200 C. However, they obtained a blue compound containing copper. Later this blue compound was identified as copper(II)-phthalocyanine. Thus, the preparation of the first metallophthalocyanine was also an accident. In the early 1930's, Linstead and his co-workers synthesized many metallophthalocyanines and reported that a phthalocyanine ligand consists of four units of isoindole and has a highly conjugated system. In 1933, for the first time, he used the term 'phthalocyanine', which comes from the Greek naphtha (rock oil) and cyanide (dark blue). Later Robertson et al. elucidated the structures of phthalocyanine and nickel(II), copper(II), and platinum(II) phthalocyanines using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Since that time, many studies have been done on semiconductivity, photoconductivity, photochemical reactivity, photosynthetic activity, luminescence, and fluorescence which are based on the highly conjugated system of phthalocyanine and metallophthalocyanines.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 1980
- Accession Number
- ADA080205
Entities
People
- Kuninobu Kasuga
- Minoru Tsutsui
Organizations
- Texas A&M University