On the Measurement of Geostrophic Ocean Currents by (NADIR) Satellite Altimeter.

Abstract

With the assumptions of accurately known marine geoid, satellite orbit, ionospheric and atmospheric propagation corrections, altimeter range precision, and dynamic components of sea-level deviations due to tides, barometric pressure, wind set-up, and storm surges, orbit inclination of 108 deg is shown to be the best choice among the three selected orbit inclinations (93 deg, 98 deg, and 108 deg) for the detection of geostrophic current vectors above 20 deg latitude. The second choice is 98 deg orbit inclination. The relationship shown as V sub R equals CV where V sub R is the true local geostrophic current speed, V is the geostrophic current speed evaluated with the Root-Mean-Square (RMS) altimeter range noise, and C is a coefficient, can be used to derive V sub R with the known C and V. The distribution of C and its lower and upper bounds can be calculated with the necessary ground truth programs. The RMS altimeter range noise, also, tends to bend the direction of the geostrophic current toward the east-west direction. In other words, the uncertainty in geostrophic current velocity determination is a function of the altimeter along-track slope measurement precision. Altimeter slope measurement uncertainty must be less than 0.1 seconds of arc to achieve a minimum uncertainty in geostrophic current speed determination of 5 cm/sec, a goal set for the National Oceanic Satellite System (NOSS).

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 10, 1980
Accession Number
ADA084986

Entities

People

  • D. T. Chen
  • S. L. Smith Iii
  • V. E. Noble

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Altimeters
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Barometric Pressure
  • Cartesian Coordinates
  • Geostrophic Currents
  • Gulf Stream
  • Jet Propulsion
  • Latitude
  • Measurement
  • Ocean Currents
  • Oceanography
  • Oceans
  • Radar Altimeters
  • Satellite Orbits
  • Sea Level Rise
  • Storm Surges
  • Topography

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Coastal Oceanography
  • Space Exploration and Orbital Mechanics.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Orbital Debris