Spread F Theories - A Review.

Abstract

Our understanding of equatorial spread F (ESF) phenomena has increased dramatically over the past few years: notwithstanding the fact that it was discovered over four decades ago (BOOKER and WELLS, 1938) as diffuse echoes on ionograms. Much of this advancement in understanding comes from a combined theoretical and experimental approach to the problem. Advances in radar backscatter measurements, satellite and rocket in situ measurements, and theoretical and numerical simulation techniques have provided a clearer picture of the fundamental mechanisms causing ESF. The study of ESF phenomena has been both complicated and enriched by the fact that the attendant magnetic field aligned ionospheric irregularities span some 5-6 orders of magnitude in scale sizes. The present paper will deal with ESF theory and at that only those theories using plasma mechanisms as a basis. Experimental reviews of the subject can be found in other papers in this edition. An examination is made of the basic equatorial nighttime ionospheric F region geometry.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 30, 1981
Accession Number
ADA095033

Entities

People

  • Sidney L. Ossakow

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Electric Fields
  • Electron Density
  • Electrons
  • Engineering
  • Frequency
  • Geometry
  • High Altitude
  • Ionosphere
  • Long Wavelengths
  • Magnetic Fields
  • Military Research
  • Physics Laboratories
  • Power Spectra
  • Rayleigh Taylor Instability
  • Security
  • Two Dimensional

Readers

  • Space/Atmospheric Physics.
  • Theoretical Analysis.

Technology Areas

  • Space