On the Estimation of Shipping Densities from Observed Data

Abstract

Passive surveillance system performance in terms of area coverage is ultimately limited by the noise environment in which it must operate. As the state of the art in design has progressed, interest is no longer exclusively in the omni-level of the noise field but now includes as equally important the spatial, temporal and directional characteristics of this field. Additionally, extreme concern with the low frequency portion of the noise spectrum develops as the need for enhanced classification capability increases. The predominant component of the low frequency noise field for most platforms is that of ship noise. Thus, as the need for increased passive detection and classification capability increases, one is forced to consider the low frequency portion of the spectrum. In turn, this implies the need to quantitatively specify the ambient noise environment. shipping distributions play a dominant role in the calculation of low frequency ambient noise, since these distributions affect both the level and the directional characteristics of this noise field. The geographical distribution of ships throughout the ocean basin gives rise to the directionality, both horizontal and vertical.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 1975
Accession Number
ADA096582

Entities

People

  • A. E. Barnes
  • J. Z. Yao

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aircrafts
  • Algorithms
  • Ambient Noise
  • Area Coverage
  • Computations
  • Data Analysis
  • Data Sets
  • Estimators
  • Maximum Likelihood Estimation
  • Noise
  • Numerical Analysis
  • Ocean Basins
  • Passive Surveillance
  • Probability
  • Random Variables
  • Surveillance
  • Transmission Loss

Readers

  • Acoustical Oceanography.
  • Acoustics.
  • Systems Analysis and Design