High-Pressure Viewports for Infrared Systems. Phase 1. Germanium

Abstract

Spherical sectors fabricated from polycrystalline germanium can serve successfully as pressure-resistant windows in IR systems in the marine environment. Spherical sectors and included spherical angle withstood 100 pressure cycles from 0 to 20000 psi without cracking when tested hydrostatically in a compliant metallic mounting with an inclined seat protected by elastomeric gaskets. Nylon cloth-reinforced Neoprene and Kevlar-49-reinforced epoxy gaskets performed successfully provided that the bearing stress did not exceed 20000 psi for Neoprene and 60000 psi for epoxy gaskets. The average flexural and compressive short-term strengths of germanium under uniaxial loading were found to be in the 70000-to-15000-psi ranges, respectively. Germanium also exhibits static fatigue under sustained flexure loading in the marine environment. The static fatigue limit for sustained loading of 1000-hour duration in a seawater environment was found to be in the 8000-to-10000-psi range. Germanium was found to also to exhibit the Kaiser effect even though it is only a rather weak emitter of acoustic emissions under compressive loading. It appears that recording of acoustic emissions during a structural proof test could be incorporated into the quality assurance program for germanium lenses and windows where it would complement visual inspection for the presence of incipient cracks.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 1980
Accession Number
ADA097089

Entities

People

  • Jerry D. Stachiw

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Sensors

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Antireflection Coatings
  • Chemistry
  • Compound Semiconductors
  • Finishes
  • Material Degradation Processes
  • Materials
  • Materials Laboratories
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Properties
  • Mechanical Working
  • Mechanics
  • Modulus Of Elasticity
  • Optical Materials
  • Optical Properties
  • Refractive Index
  • Single Crystals

Readers

  • Mechanical Engineering/Mechanics of Materials.
  • Polymer Science and Engineering.
  • Semiconductor Device Technology