Release and Establishment of Sameodes albiguttalis for Biological Control of Waterhyacinth.
Abstract
Sameodes albiguttalis (Warren), a South American pyralid species, having recently been imported into the United States for the biological control of waterhyacinth has been released and is now well established in southern Florida. Because it is new to the North American fauna, detailed descriptions are provided of the egg, larval instars, pupae, and adults of this species. Biological studies indicate that the female normally oviposits 400 to 500 eggs, the majority of which are laid during the early evening hours the day after she emerges from the pupa. Under ambient conditions in greenhouse culture, the total generation time (egg to egg) is ca. 30 days. Under conditions of controlled temperature, the generation times range from ca. 21 days at 30 C to 40 days at 20 C, with the optimum at ca. 25 C. Sustained temperatures of 35 C appear to be lethal. An account of the life history of the insect and a description of the damage caused to the plants are provided. Rearing techniques and methods are described as are the procedures for releasing populations to the field. Releases of S. albiguttalis were made at 20 sites in Florida; colonies have established at 16 of these sites and the insect has begun to disperse throughout the state. Populations established more readily on younger plants having luxuriant growth as opposed to older plants or those having poor growth. The effects of this insect are not yet apparent on waterhyacinth but will be evaluated in the next phase of this research. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Feb 01, 1981
- Accession Number
- ADA097852
Entities
People
- T. D. Center