I/O Complexity: The Red-Blue Pebble Game.
Abstract
In this paper, the red-blue pebble game is proposed to model the input-output complexity of algorithms. Using the pebble game formulation, a number of lower bound results for the I/O (Input/Output) requirement are proven. For example, it is shown that to perform the n-point FFT (or the ordinary nxn matrix multiplication algorithm) with a device of O(S) memory at least Omega(n log n/log S) (or Omega(n-cubed/square root of S), respectively) time is needed for the I/O. Similar results are obtained for algorithms for several other problems. All of the lower bounds presented are the best possible in the sense that they are achievable by certain decomposition schemes. The results in this paper provide insight into the difficult task of balancing I/O and computation in special-purpose system design. For example, for the n-point FFT, the I/O lower bound implies that an S-point device achieving a speed-up ratio O(log S) over the conventional O(n log n) implementation is all that one can hope for.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 1981
- Accession Number
- ADA104739
Entities
People
- H. T. Kung
- Jai-wei Hong
Organizations
- Carnegie Mellon University