Evaluation of Short-Term Bioassays to Predict Functional Impairment. Selected Short-Term Renal Toxicity Tests.
Abstract
The MITRE Corporation has been requested by the U.S. Army Medical Bioengineering Research and Development Laboratory to identify and evaluate short-term bioassays which have demonstrated ability to assess and predict impairment of the renal system resulting from exposure to chemicals. This document reviews the literature on test procedures for determining effects on the kidneys and other components of the renal system. The procedures are discussed in sections on morphology, glomerular function, tubular function, intrarenal hemodynamics and biochemistry. Criteria for evaluating the procedures are given. A two-tiered testing system is recommended for a chemical renal toxicity screening program. Level I of the testing system consists of quick and inexpensive but sensitive tests for renal injury with morphologic examination by gross observation and light microscopy. Level II tests are more complex but provide more information on the extent and mechanism of damage. These include clearance measurements, analyses for enzymes released by cellular injury, and renal plasma flow. Studies of excised tissue by in vitro techniques and microscopic examination of tissues obtained at sacrifice are recommended.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 1980
- Accession Number
- ADA104765
Entities
People
- Barbara Fuller
- James Konz
- Lydia Thomas
- Richard D Thomas
Organizations
- MITRE Corporation