Immune Dysfunctions and Abrogation of the Inflammatory Response by Environmental Chemicals.

Abstract

During the past year, the immunotoxic effects of three chemicals were studied: hydrazine (hz), benzo-alpha-pyrene, and 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH). (1) Hydrazine: mice treated with 5-20 mg/kg Hz showed a suppressed antibody-forming cell response after immunization compared to control mice. This immunosuppression correlated with the Hz-induced in vitro suppression of the lymphocyte blast transformation (LBT) response noted previously. (2) Benzo-alpha-pyrene: when added to LBT assays, caused a concentration related suppression of the LBT response which was not due to cytotoxicity. (3) 1,1-dimethylhydrazine: most experiments during the past year involved UDMH. First, mice treated on a short-term basis (9 days) with UDMH were affected similarly to those treated over a 3-month period, i.e., an enhancement of antibody-forming cells and no effect on the LBT response. Secondly, in vitro studies with UDMH in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay showed that UDMH inhibited the MLR of whole splenocyte populations and of non-adherent splenocyte populations. However, when adherent splenocytes were removed, exposed briefly to UDMH, then washed and added back to the non-adherent cells, the MLR of hte reconstituted population was enhanced. These experiments indicate that UDMH may be interfering with cellular antigen recognition mechanisms between T-cells (responder) and B-cells (stimulator) in the first two experiments, causing a suppressed MLR, and between suppressor macrophages (adherent cell) and T-cells in the latter experiment, resulting in an enhanced MLR. (Author)

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 1981
Accession Number
ADA105460

Entities

People

  • Richard G. Olsen

Organizations

  • Ohio State University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Biological Sciences
  • Blood
  • Cardiovascular System
  • Cells
  • Chemistry
  • Culture Media
  • Fungi
  • Immune System
  • Immunization
  • Lupus
  • Lymphatic System
  • Lymphocytes
  • Macrophages
  • Medical Personnel
  • Rodents

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Immunology
  • Underwater engineering and Marine Technology.