Formulation of Normalized Non-Linear Free Electron Laser Equations
Abstract
The general non-linear self-consistent equations describing the Free electron laser (FEL) in the steady state amplifying configuration is derived with the space charge effects and all the efficiency enhancement schemes: (1) a spatially varying wiggler amplitude and/or period and (2) a D.C. electric field E sub DC (z) = (-(del phi sub DC)/del z)e-carat sub z. All the efficiency enhancement schemes are shown to be somewhat equivalent. For a variable period magnetic wiggler, the FEL equations can be appropriately normalized to a three parameter set of coupled equations. All operating regimes are covered by these normalized equations. The condition for space charge to be unimportant is given. In the absence of the space charge effects, the three parameter set of equations reduces to a two parameter set. The inclusion of additional efficiency enhancement schemes increases the number of parameters to describe the FEL. Curves showing the efficiency, radiation amplitude and growth rate will be presented.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 09, 1981
- Accession Number
- ADA108358
Entities
People
- Chai AMei Tang
- Phillip A. Sprangle
Organizations
- United States Naval Research Laboratory