Extinction Characteristics of Pyrotechnically-Generated Alkali-Halide Smokes

Abstract

The major findings realized from this year's effort are: (1) At approx. 40% RH, the NWC 90 and NWC 164 pyrotechnics appear to provide greater extinction at IR wavelengths longer than approx. 7 micron relative to the other pyrotechnics. This performance may be due to the graphite component of the NWC 90 and NWC 164 aerosol. (2) At approx. 75% RH, extinction produced by NWC 29, NWC 78, NWC 79, NWC 90 and NWC 164 is approximately a factor of four greater than that provided by CY85A. (3) At approx. 90% RH, all six pyrotechnics provide approximately the same degree of extinction effectiveness. (4) The nominal mass yields for the six pyrotechnics appear equivalent. Values ranged from 28 to 37%. (5) Based on SEM analyses of individual particles in the size range 0.2 to 1.9 micrometer, no evidence was seen supporting a significant particle size-chemical composition relationship for the evaluated pyrotechnics. (6) The eutonic mixture of MgCl2 - NaCl and the estimated eutonic mixtures of MgCl2 - NaI provided no decrease in the deliquescence humidity relative to the deliquescence humidity of pure MgCl2. (7) The eutonic mixture of NaCl - KCl provided a 2% RH decrease in the humidity at which deliquescence began relative to pure NaCl.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1981
Accession Number
ADA112806

Entities

People

  • B. J. Wattle
  • E. J. Mack
  • J. T. Hanley

Organizations

  • Calspan

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Chemical Composition
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Detectors
  • Electron Microscopy
  • Graphitic Materials
  • Growth Factors
  • High Humidity
  • Humidity
  • Instrumentation
  • Low Humidity
  • Materials
  • Measurement
  • Microscopes
  • Observation
  • Particle Size
  • Pyrotechnics
  • Water Vapor

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Aerosol Science/Aerosol Physics
  • Maritime and Naval Warfare Studies
  • Materials Science and Engineering.