Research and Development for Health and Environmental Hazard Assessment. Task Order 5. Occupational and Environmental Hazards Associated with the Formulation and Use of White Phosphorus-Felt and Red Phosphorus-Butyl Rubber Screening Smokes
Abstract
This report is an assessment of potential health hazards associated with the production and use of white phosphorus-felt and red phosphorus-butyl rubber smoke munitions. Production and use information on the smoke munitions was collected through literature reviews, interviews, field visits, and model development in the following areas: life cycle of the smoke compounds; physical/ chemical properties of raw materials and combustion products; routes of environmental contamination; exposure scenarios to workers, community and field personnel; human and wildlife toxicology, and hazard assessment. The report concludes that the hazard associated with production of smoke munitions presents minimal risk to occupational health and safety, and the surrounding environment. Soldiers in the battlefield can be exposed to smoke concentrations above that noted for acute human effects. This risk is lowered by proper use of respiratory equipment. Future research from the perspective of hazard assessment should address characterization of smoke emissions, evaluations of exposure, and utilization of protective measures.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 1981
- Accession Number
- ADA116956
Entities
People
- Alan L. Preston
- Anthony J. Colella
- G. Stuart Young
- John B. Berkowitz
- Richard G. Thomas
- Robert G. Vranka
- Rosalind C. Anderson
- Warren J. Lyman
- William D. Steber
Organizations
- Arthur D. Little