Validation of Bulk Turbulence Modeling in Stable Regimes.
Abstract
A special set of observations of wind, temperature and moisture over Lake Ontario has been used to test bulk methods for computing stress, heat flux, evaporation, and structure constants, over a wide range of stabilities. Reasonably good results were obtained for the structure constant of temperature (C sub T squared). Bulk methods overestimated directly-measured stresses by about a factor of 2, possibly because wind speeds and wave speeds did not differ much from each other. The moisture content was estimated correctly in near-normal air, but the effect of stability variation was overestimated. There was a good correlation between observed heat flux measurements and heat flux estimated by the bulk method, but the bulk estimates exceeded the Reynolds fluxes by an average of about 7-8 watts/sq m. There are no systematic differences between bulk evaporation and Reynolds evaporation; but random scatter was considerable. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 1982
- Accession Number
- ADA120022
Entities
People
- Hans A. Panofsky
- Robert E. Golus
Organizations
- Pennsylvania State University