LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) Measurements for Astronomical Refraction. Feasibility and System Definition Study.

Abstract

Recent improvements in mechanical and optical instrumentation precision have occurred. Therefore, the removal of meteorologically caused systematic errors is now a major consideration in stellar position accuracy and in the repeatability of arrangement in positions taken during nightly observations. The two problems singled out in this report are absolute water vapor content and temperature structure measurements. The study revealed that (1) estimates of water vapor distribution with an accuracy of approximately 20% would routinely correct position errors of 0.01 of angle and (2) that knowledge of the temperature structure with an accuracy of 0.5K would remove the systematic errors caused by isopycnic tilts, which range from 0.01 up to 0.1 of angle at extreme zenith viewing angles. The study showed that a remote-sensing solution to the measurement problems of the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington, DC, is provided by LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Two major LIDAR systems that fulfill the Observatory's needs are based on Raman and DIAL (Differential Absorption Lidar) techniques. A study and review of experimental system using the DIAL and Raman techniques indicate tht a DIAL system is the recommended approach for simultaneous measurement of water vapor density and temperature. A DIAL system should be constructed to obtain ground-based vertical water vapor and temperature measurements. Further, alexandrite should be used as the lasing medium for the LIDAR system.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Feb 01, 1983
Accession Number
ADA130740

Entities

People

  • Stephen A. Delateur

Organizations

  • SRI International

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Sensors

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Absorption Spectra
  • Accuracy
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Dielectric Gases
  • Dye Lasers
  • Laser Beams
  • Laser Mediums
  • Laser Radar
  • Lasers
  • Measurement
  • Nitrogen Oxides
  • Observatories
  • Optical Properties
  • Refraction
  • Scattering
  • Water Vapor

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics.
  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Computer Vision.