Multifrequency HF Radar Observations of Currents and Current Shears

Abstract

Techniques were developed for using high frequency radar to measure currents and vertical current shears in the upper one or two metres of the ocean surface. The measurement of current velocity with an HF radar depends on the ability of the radar to precisely measure the phase velocity and direction of propagation of ocean waves whose wavelength is one-half the radar wavelength. In the absence of a current, the waves travel at a speed given by the still-water dispersion relation. An underlying current will modify this speed. The radar measures the actual phase velocity through a Doppler shift, and the wavelength of the ocean wave is known through the first-order Bragg scattering relation, so a difference between observed and theoretical still-water phase velocity can be calculated. In addition, longer ocean waves are affected by currents at deeper depths than are shorter ocean waves. By measuring the phase velocity at several different wavelengths, it is possible to measure a vertical current shear in the top one or two metres of the ocean surface. This is a measurement that is very difficult to make by any other means. A portable coherent, pulsed-Doppler HF radar system was developed and used in several experiments, both on land on the California coast and on board a ship during a JASIN experiment. Two different antenna systems were developed during the course of the experiments.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 1983
Accession Number
ADA131528

Entities

People

  • Calvin C. Teague

Organizations

  • Stanford University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Angle Of Arrival
  • Data Processing
  • Doppler Effect
  • Energy Bands
  • Frequency
  • Measurement
  • Ocean Waves
  • Phase Velocity
  • Radar
  • Radar Beams
  • Radar Equipment
  • Radar Signals
  • Recording Systems
  • Repetition Rate
  • Scattering
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • Transmitters

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Electromagnetic Wave Scattering and Antenna Radiation Engineering
  • Oceanography.
  • Radar Systems Engineering.