Studies on the Mechanism of Action of Hydrazine-Induced Methylation of DNA Guanne

Abstract

Hydrazine is a strong reducing agent and is widely used by industry and by the military as a rocket propellant; it is a potent hepatotoxin and a weak carcinogen. Hydrazine administration to rodents results is methylation of DNA guanine. The methyl moiety in these aberrant bases can be derived from either methionine or formate; however, earlier studies could not provide evidence to support monomethylhydrazine as an important intermediate in this unusual of DNA. It was proposed that formaldehyde hydrazone, CH2-N-NH, which in turn could be metabolically oxidized to the potent methylating agent, diazomethane. Several in vivo studies were carried out to determine the role of aldehydes in the alkylation of DNA in response to hydrazine administration. While tissue levels of acetaldehyde could readily be altered by administration of ethanol, formaldehyde levels were nearly refractory to several techniques designed to raise the concentration of the one-carbon unit in rodent liver. Pretreatment of rats and hamsters with disulfiram, an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, sucessfully raised formaldehyde or acetaldehyde levels following administration of methanol or ethanol.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 03, 1984
Accession Number
ADA147462

Entities

People

  • Charles E. Lambert
  • Ronald C. Shank
  • William S. Bosan

Organizations

  • University of California, Irvine

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Alcohols
  • Amines
  • Biomedical Research
  • Body Fluids
  • Carbon Tetrachloride
  • Cells
  • Chemical Analysis
  • Chemistry
  • Ethanols
  • Hydrazine Derivatives
  • Hydrazines
  • Liquid Chromatography
  • Liver Diseases
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Nose
  • Rodents

Fields of Study

  • Chemistry
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Toxicology/Environmental Toxicology