Investigation of Fuel Additive Effects on Sooting Flames.
Abstract
Experiments in progress are described which have as their objective the clarification of the mechanisms responsible for soot suppression in flames by fuel additives. Measurements have been carried out in small well-defined diffusion flames for both gaseous and liquid fuels. Data have been obtained for selected organic and inorganic compounds of Ba, Fe, K and Mn as additives. The experimental techniques either employed or projected for use in the near term are in-situ by virtue of their reliance on nonperturbing laser-optical diagnostics. These techniques are Mie scattering, laser-induced fluorescence and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering to measure soot size and concentration, additive and other species concentrations and flame temperature, respectively. For gaseous fuels, inorganic salts of the above metals have been evaluated as additives in an ethylene/air flame. Additive suppression of soot was demonstrated, and particulate size, concentration and volume fraction were measured throughout the flame. Significantly, additive effectiveness varied with measurement position, and dissimilar metal behaved differently with respect to their alteration of soot parameters. In addition to particulate measurements, Ba additive chemical states in the flame have been identified from their optical emission spectra, and laser-induced fluorescence measurement has been demonstrated for a molecule closely identified with one of the latter states. For liquid fuels, ferrocene (dicyclopentadienyl iron) has been evaluated as an additive in wick and cylindrical counterflow diffusion flames. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 25, 1984
- Accession Number
- ADA149154
Entities
People
- P. A. Bonczyk
Organizations
- United Technologies Corporation