A Comprehensive Review of Black Powder

Abstract

A diligent attempt has been made to scrutinize black powder and the charcoal it contains as fully as possible, utilizing modern testing techniques and various analytical chemical procedures. Although the tests performed are well established, their application to define a porous propellant represents a new point of view for investigating structure. From S.E.M. microphotographs and compaction studies, it is suggested that the pressing action used to make black powder results in plastic flow that produces a conglomerate and cohesive mass containing a matrix of inter-connecting passageways. The degree of openness of black powder grains and, in particular, internal surface area, pore volume, internal free volume, and density were all found to be related to burn rate. Thermodynamic calculations were cited that relate computed theoretical values to experimentally determined quantities. Closed bomb data embrace more than one combustion mode and as such do not directly relate to bulk values. From this interrogation, chemical and physical properties were related to combustion phenomena. As work progressed it became evident that material produced by the INdiana Army Ammunition Plant will be, or has become, the most successfully characterized black powder produced in the United States.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 1985
Accession Number
ADA150455

Entities

People

  • Ronald A. Sasse'

Organizations

  • Ballistic Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Ammunition
  • Burning Rate
  • Chemistry
  • Closed Bomb Tests
  • Combustion
  • Graphitic Materials
  • Gunpowder
  • High Pressure
  • Materials
  • Materials Laboratories
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Materials Testing
  • Physical Properties
  • Propellants
  • Thermodynamic Properties
  • United States

Readers

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