Environmental Fate of White Phosphorus/Felt and Red Phosphorus/Butyl Rubber Military Screening Smokes. Phase I. Literature Review.
Abstract
The objective of this phase of the project was to review the literature for data that can be used to estimate the persistence of white and red phosphorus and their combustion products in air, soil, and aquatic environments and to identify gaps in the literature where such data are lacking. We reviewed the literature through on-line data files, including National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Chemical Abstracts, MEDLINE, TOXLINE, and TOXBACK 74 and 65. We also reviewed final reports on relevant phosphorus-related contracts supported by the U.S. Army. Very few rate constants necessary for an environmental fate assessment have been reported. We conclude that oxidation will be an extremely important process for white and red phosphorus and that hydrolysis reactions will dominate the transformation of phosphorus oxides in the presence of moisture. We recommend that screening studies be performed to estimate the important of processes for which no data were reported and to verify some of the reported physical properties that were either derived from correlation equations or extrapolated to environmental conditions. Originator supplied key words include: White phosphorus, Red phosphorus, Transformation products, Rate constant, Fate assessments.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Apr 01, 1983
- Accession Number
- ADA150754
Entities
People
- R. B. Wilson
- R. J. Spanggord
- R. T. Podoll
- R. T. Rewick
- T. W. Chou
Organizations
- SRI International