Biochemical and Ultrastructural Effects of T-2 Toxin on Rat Hepatocytes in Vitro
Abstract
Cultured rat hepatocytes were treated with several doses of T-2 mycotoxin for either 1 of 12-h and with or without a 12-h recovery period. Inhibition of protein synthesis and release of lactate dehydrogenase were measured and correlated with ultrastructural changes, as assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Results indicated that, at a dose of 0.01 micrograms/ml, protein synthesis was inhibited within the 1-h but recovered to near control levels with or without the continual presence of toxin. At the higher toxin dose (1.0 micrograms/ml), the hepatocytes were able to recover from a 1-h, but not a 12-h exposure. Cell damage, as assessed by release of lactate dehydrogenase, lagged behind inhibition of protein synthesis. Only at a T-2 concentration of 0.1 microgram/ml for 12-h followed by a 12-h recovery period, was release of lactate dehydrogenase significantly elevated over control values. Under the same parameters, protein synthesis was inhibited by 94%. The ultrastructural appearance of the cell membrane, nucleus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum remained unchanged. The two organelles which appeared altered by T-2 exposure were the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria. Endoplasmic reticulum changes were limited to degranulation of attached ribosomes without dilation of the cisternae. Alternations were seen as early as 1-h at a T-2 dose of 0.01 microgram/ml. After a dose of 1.0 microgram/ml T-2 for 12-h, some mitochondria displayed one or more non-membrane bound translucent foci, some of which contained electron-dense cores.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 1985
- Accession Number
- ADA157568
Entities
People
- John C. O'brien
- Lynn R. Trusal
Organizations
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases