Crushing Strength of Aluminum Oxide Agglomerates

Abstract

Aluminum oxide, which is formed during combustion of aluminum-based solid propellants, condenses and solidifies in the exhaust flow to form sub- micron-size particles, which may then adhere together to form agglomerates. Particle sampling, which is required for motor performance or environmental impact investigations, is usually done using a probe placed in the supersonic exhaust flow field. The bow shock at the sample probe inlet will decelerate the gas flow which introduces a large velocity differential between the gas and particulate, This differential will result in a sudden increase on the aerodynamic drag on the agglomerates which may cause them to shear apart, thus altering the sample size distribution. In this effort, aluminum oxide agglomerates were formed and then crushed in order to estimate the magnitude of the interparticle forces binding the agglomerate together. The agglomerates were formed by tumbling commercially available aluminum oxide powder in a container, and strength was determined by measuring the load required to crush the agglomerate between two flat plates. Analysis indicated that rough, uniformly- shaped particles formed the strongest agglomerates. The experimentally-derived particle bonding forces were in agreement with values predicted by the van der Waal force equation for closely-spaced spheres. Rocket exhaust particulates collected from a test facility exhaust processing system proved to be unstable because of impurities.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 1985
Accession Number
ADA158051

Entities

People

  • R. A. Gamble

Organizations

  • Arnold Engineering Development Complex

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aerodynamic Drag
  • Air Force
  • Aluminum Oxides
  • Bow Shock
  • Calcium Compounds
  • Ceramic Materials
  • Drag
  • Electron Microscopes
  • Flow
  • Flow Fields
  • Free Stream
  • Mach Number
  • Measurement
  • Particle Size
  • Particles
  • Rocket Engines
  • Scanning Electron Microscopes

Readers

  • Combustion Dynamics and Shock Wave Physics.
  • Fluid Dynamics.
  • Powder metallurgy of Titanium alloys.

Technology Areas

  • Hypersonics
  • Hypersonics - Hypersonic Flow
  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster