Calculated and Measured Battery Voltages - Thermodynamics Aids in Identifying Electrochemical Reactions.

Abstract

Both the open and closed circuit voltages of a battery depend on the thermodynamic conditions inside the cell. When the actual electrochemical reaction of a particular battery is unknown, thermodynamic calculations can help to identify it. Using thermodynamics data, the open circuit voltages for alternatively electrochemical reactions can be calculated. When accurate data are available, the calculated voltage for the correct electrochemical reaction will agree to within millivolts with the measured value. For the Cl2-Li molten salt system, the calculated and measured values are both 3.612V at 2773K. For alkaline zinc batteries, the data indicate that Zn0 is the discharge product at the anode under ambient conditions. for the acid Mn02-Zn system, under the thermodynamic conditions, a two electron reduction of Mn02 occurs. Initially, in the alkaline Mn02-Zn system. Mn(OH) 4 is the discharge product at the cathode.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Feb 01, 1985
Accession Number
ADA163103

Entities

People

  • Larry E. Devries.

Organizations

  • Naval Ordnance Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accuracy
  • Air Force
  • Availability
  • Chemical Compounds
  • Chemistry
  • Classification
  • Electrochemical Reactions
  • Electrolytes
  • Electrons
  • Hydrogen Electrodes
  • Jet Propulsion
  • Materials
  • Military Research
  • Saturation
  • Security
  • Standards
  • Thermodynamics

Fields of Study

  • Materials science

Readers

  • Battery Technology and Engineering
  • Combustion science or combustion engineering.
  • Electrical Engineering

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics