Two-Dimensional Heat Conduction in Metal, Fluid Composites.
Abstract
Because the size and weight of main propulsion and auxiliary systems are inversely proportional to the ease in which heat or energy is exchanged, a major thrust of the research and development program of the U.S. Navy is toward the design and development of equipment that perform at higher efficiency with a reduction in size and weight. In particular, one area of great interest is the reduction in size and weight of steam condensers. The heat-transfer effectiveness is governed by the amount of surface and the overall resistance to the flow of heat. Filmwise condensation of steam on externally-finned tubes is a very complex process. Recent experiments have shown that enhancement ratios (ratio of steam-side heat-transfer coefficient to that of a smooth tube having the same diameter) exceeded the area enhancement produced by the fins. Moreover, the enhancement ratios for fully flooded tubes exceed the values predicted by a simple, one-dimensional conduction model by a factor of 2 to 4. A new two-dimensional conduction model was developed, which showed that the one-dimensional model overpredicted the two-dimensional results for high conductivity tube-metals such as copper by as much as 13%. The two-dimensional model also showed that variations in fin thickness or spacing can result in an overprediction by the one-dimensional model of the two-dimensional results by as much as twenty-two percent.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 01, 1985
- Accession Number
- ADA164127
Entities
People
- Michael A. Gomori
Organizations
- Naval Postgraduate School