The Neutral/Ion Chemistry of Sodium in the Stratosphere and Mesosphere.

Abstract

Part A of the report presents results from our model calculation of the diurnal behavior of the neutral and ionic sodium species. It is shown that the concentration of Na(+) above 90 km exerts a direct influence on the topside scale height of the atomic sodium layer in the mesosphere. The abundance of Na(+) is controlled by the reaction rate for the clustering reaction which is the rate limiting step for the conversion of Na(+) to Na. Downward transport of Na(+) due to ion drift is also effective in reducing the sodium abundance around 90 km. The model can successfully simulate the observed topside scale height of the sodium layer by either using a slow rate for the clustering reaction or incorporating transport of Na(+). Part B assesses the possible impact of sodium species on the stratospheric chlorine cycle. Recent measurements of kinetic rates suggest that the bulk of the sodium psecies could be in the form of NaCl in the stratosphere. Since the sodium abundance is three orders of magnitude smaller than that of chlorine, NaCl is not likely to be an important chlorine reservoir. Photolysis of NaCl could provide a mechanism for recycling HCl to Cl in the lower stratosphere if it is as fast as 0.001/s. However, the mechanism would not be effective if there exists another more stable form of sodium compound, such as NaHC03 or polymers of NaCl. Keywords: Ionospheric chemistry; Photochemistry; Ion chemistry; Upper atmosphere; Ionospheric models; D region; E region.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 30, 1985
Accession Number
ADA164636

Entities

People

  • Jose M. Rodriguez
  • Malcolm K. W. Ko
  • Nien D. Sze

Organizations

  • Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Alkali Metals
  • Chemical Reaction Properties
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemistry
  • Chlorine
  • Diurnal Variations
  • Electron Density
  • Electrons
  • Ionization
  • Measurement
  • Metals
  • Photolysis
  • Quantum Yields
  • Sodium
  • Sodium Compounds
  • X Rays

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Electrochemical Engineering/ Fuel Cell Technologies
  • Molecular Photonics/Laser Physics
  • Space/Atmospheric Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster