Topographic Controls on Rainfall and Runoff.

Abstract

This report is concerned with the generation of rainfall in upland areas. It describes the results of research undertaken between 1981 and 1986 in the southern Pennine hills of north-west England. These hills rise to 600m, and although not mountainous by global standards, they provide a significant barrier to air masses moving over the area, particularly those originating to the west over the Atlantic ocean. The research aimed to combine hydrological and meteorological interests, being concerned with prevailing meteorological conditions and their associated rainfall systems, and with the effects of that rainfall on flood discharge of local streams. The first chapter reviews rainfall variation in time and space and emphasises the need for a distributed approach to rainfall studies. Chapter 2 describes the field site and instrumentation, in particular the errors associated with raingauges and the methods adopted to minimise those errors. The third chapter is concerned with the design of the raingauge network and includes the use of a Computer-Aided Experimental Design. The fourth chapter is a statistical analysis of daily rainfall patterns in the study area, and establishes the clear dominance of orographic rainfall distributions for the study area at the daily timescale. Chapter 5 presents the results of the field experiments at two scales; the Upper Derwent basin (15 sq KM), and the southern Pennine region (2500 sq Kme).

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 1986
Accession Number
ADA168667

Entities

People

  • Sue Cooper
  • Timothy P. Burt

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Cyber
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accuracy
  • Computational Science
  • Computers
  • Correlation Techniques
  • Data Science
  • Drainage Basins
  • Elevation
  • Geography
  • Information Science
  • Measurement
  • Meteorology
  • Plastic Explosives
  • Rainfall Intensity
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Surveys
  • Terrain
  • Topography

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Riverine Ecology
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Space