Elite Special Forces: Physiological Description and Ergogenic Influence of Blood Infusion

Abstract

We measured the physical exercise capabilities of U.S. Army Special Forces soldiers (male) and determined the subsequent ergogenic influence of autologous blood reinfusion. Twelve subjects (Ss) completed maximal exercise treadmill testing in a comfortable (T sub a=20 C, T sub dp = 9 C) environment. Six Ss were later transfused with a 600 ml autologous red blood cell (50% Hct) NaCl glucose-phosphate solution and completed identical maximal exercise tests 3 and 10-days post-transfusion. Pre-transfusion, the 12 Ss had a maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) of 4.36 + or - 0.56 1/min and 55 + or - 4 ml/kg/min with a heart rate of 188 + or - 10 b/min and ventilatory equivalent for oxygen of 37 + or - 3. For the 6 reinfused Ss, hemoglobin and red cell volume (RCV) increased 10% (P<0.05) and 11% (P<0.05), respectively, post-transfusion. Reinfusion increased (P<0.05) VO2 max from 4.28 + or - 0.22 1/min (54 + or - 5 ml/kg/min) to 4.75 + or - 0.42 1/min (60 + or - ml/kg/min) and 4.63+ or -0.21 1/min (59 + or - 6 ml/kg/min) at 3 and 10 days post-transfusion, respectively. No significant relationship was found between the individual change in RCV and VO2 max values pre- to post-transfusion. We conclude that Special Forces soldiers have high levels of aerobic fitness that can be further increased by blood reinfusion for at least 10 days.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 1986
Accession Number
ADA169599

Entities

People

  • Andrew J Young
  • Michael N. Sawka
  • Richard C. Dennis
  • Richard R. Gonzalez
  • Stephen R. Muza

Organizations

  • United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Army
  • Blood
  • Blood Cells
  • Blood Transfusions
  • Body Weight
  • Cells
  • Databases
  • Erythrocytes
  • Health Services
  • Heart
  • Heart Rate
  • Hemoglobin
  • Infusions
  • Military Research
  • Sodium Compounds
  • Special Forces
  • United States

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise and Sports Science.