A Multiple Dose-Route Physiological Pharmacokinetic Model for Volatile Chemicals Using ACSL/PC,
Abstract
The uptake, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of a chemical in an animal organism can readily be modeled in terms of a system of ordinary differential equations describing the mass balance for the chemical in each of the relevant tissues in the organism. Traditionally, pharmacologists and toxicologists have used greatly simplified models involving one or more empirically defined compartments in order to permit the generation of analytical solutions for the system of equations. These simplifications, however, entail a concomitant loss of predictive power, particularly in the case where non-linear biological processes cannot be properly incorporated into the model. With the advent of continuous simulation languages, the numerical solution of systems of differential equations can now be obtained quite easily, and the ability to generate an analytical solution should no longer be an important consideration in model definition. An example of a multi-purpose physiological pharmacokinetic model for volatile chemicals is presented. This model was written using ACSL/PC and demonstrates the ability of a physiologically-based description to accurately predict a wide variety of animal and human exposure scenarios, as well as the ease with which the model can be modified to incorporate additional features or to change the system description. Performance benchmarks for ACSL/PC operation on several personal computer systems are also presented.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 1986
- Accession Number
- ADA172296
Entities
People
- Harvey J. Clewell Iii
- Melvin E. Andersen
Organizations
- Armstrong Laboratory