The Ardennes - 1944: An Analysis of the Operational Defense.
Abstract
This study examines the nature of the defense at the operational level of war by analyzing the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944 using the concepts of blitzkrieg and web defense. The monograph begins by discussing the influence of defensive theory on the operational concepts of blitzkrieg and web defense. The German concept of blitzkrieg incorporates Clausewitz's theory of the offense by emphasizing suprise, speed, and concentration at the decisive point. The counter to the blitzkrieg offense is found in COL F.O. Miksche's concept of web defense. This concept incorporates Clausewitz's theory of the defense by emphasizing the advantages of terrain, time, and counterattack. The Battle of the Bulge provides an excellent example of a web defense pitted against a blitzkrieg offense. The Ardennes provides an excellent example of many important German operational concepts which are very similar to Soviet offensive concepts. The use of COL Otto Skorzeny's 150th Panzer Brigade is very similar to the anticipated Soviet employment of Spetsnaz units into NATO's rear area. German panzer divisions were employed in a role similar to Soviet Operational Maneuver Groups (OMG). The Allies effectively used a web defense to counter these threats. If NATO is to defeat a Soviet attack without resorting to the use fo nuclear weapons, it must adopt a viable operational defensive concept. Web defense is such a concept.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 16, 1986
- Accession Number
- ADA174239
Entities
People
- Francis M. Cain Iii
Organizations
- United States Army Command and General Staff College