Changes in Physiologic Variables in Response to Physical Restraint during Hemorrhage in Conscious Swine,
Abstract
Response to hemorrhage (38.5 ml/kg/60 min) were evaluated in chronically catheterized conscious pigs (20-25 kg) restrained in a portable holding cage, a squeeze cage , or a Pavlov sling. Before hemorrhage, heart rates of squeeze cage animals and sling animals were significantly higher than heart rates of holding cage pigs. Hemorrhage caused a further increase in heart rate in sling animals, but not in holding cage animals or squeeze cage animals. Intially animals in the squeeze cage had a mean arterial pressure, lower than in the holding cage animals. However, these differences were not significant. Following hemorrhage, mean arterial pressures were similar in holding cage and squeeze cage anmimals while the mean arterial pressure in sling animals was elevated. There were no differences in hematocrit values between groups either before or after hemorrhage. Plasma glucose and lactate levels were lower in sling animals before hemorrhage and after hemorrhage than in holding cage animals. Arterial PO2 values were elevated in squeeze cage and sling animals throughout the experiment compared to holding cage animals. Also their PCO2 values were lower than the holding cage animals. The evidence suggest that cardiovascular and metabolic responses are altered qualitatively and quantitatively by method of restraint during hemorrhage in conscious swine.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 1986
- Accession Number
- ADA175286
Entities
People
- Berry F. Williams
- Carol A. Bossone
- Charles E Wade
- Diane S. Trail
- Gary D. Bonner
Organizations
- Letterman Army Hospital