Effects of Methemoglobin versus Potassium Cyanide Intoxication.
Abstract
Studies were conducted to continue evaluating the effects of pre-existing methemoglobinemia induced by hydroxylamine hydrochloride and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) on the ability of the dog to resist lethal cyanide (KCN) intoxication. The following items were accomplished or concluded during the course of the study period: 1. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride appears to be ineffective as a therapeutic agent against KCN intoxication. There appears to be no optimum time for therapeutic intramuscular administration of hydroxylamine as an antidote against KCN intoxication. In contrast, intramuscular injection of hydroxylamine hydrochloride appears to be effective as a prophylactic agent against KCN intoxication. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride can be administered intramuscularly as short as one minute prior to KCN challenge and protect against lethal cyanide intoxication of up to at least 1.5xLD50. Sodium nitrite was shown to be effective antidote against lethal cyanide intoxication when administered intravenously at a level of as low as 5 mg/kg either ten minutes prior to (prophylactic treatment) or immediately after (therapeutic treatment) cyanide injection. Sodium nitrite was also an effective antidote against cyanide intoxication when administered intramuscularly at a level of as low as 5 mg/kg approximately ten minutes prior to KCN injection (prophylactic treatment). However, intramuscular administration of NaNo2 did not protect against cyanide intoxication when given therapeutically, at least up to 20 mg/kg.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 01, 1986
- Accession Number
- ADA176434
Entities
People
- William D. Johnson